European Union leaders are advocating for an expedited and more credible enlargement process, emphasizing the need for the bloc to demonstrate its readiness and capability to welcome new member states. This call was made at a summit in Montenegro, attended by leaders from six Western Balkan nations. German Chancellor Friedrich Merz stressed the importance of the EU proving its ability to expand and integrate the region, noting that the bloc has not admitted a new country in over ten years. He highlighted the necessity for reforms in the accession process to facilitate this integration.
European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen supported this stance, underscoring the need to make the membership negotiations more efficient and reliable for candidate nations. The summit included representatives from Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, and Serbia, all of whom are aspiring to join the EU. Among these, Montenegro is currently seen as the leading candidate, with a target to become a member by 2028.
French President Emmanuel Macron also weighed in, emphasizing that the enlargement is strategically crucial for bolstering Europe’s security, energy autonomy, and migration management. He endorsed the idea of “gradual integration,” suggesting that candidate countries could engage in selected EU institutions and initiatives prior to obtaining full membership. This approach aims to make the enlargement process more inclusive and flexible for aspiring members.
The momentum for EU expansion has increased in the wake of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, with the EU viewing enlargement as a means to enhance stability and diminish external influences in the region. Alongside the Western Balkan countries, Ukraine and Moldova are also seeking EU membership. The enlargement strategy is seen as pivotal in reinforcing regional stability and reducing susceptibility to external pressures.
Despite gaining political traction, the EU accession process remains lengthy and complex, necessitating significant reforms by candidate countries. Furthermore, any new membership requires unanimous approval from all 27 EU member states at each phase, a factor that adds to the intricacy and duration of the process.